Physical and Chemical Geotechnologies

Abstract

The development of rich iron ore deposits in the Kriviy Rig basin is carried out underground at significant depths. The mine method of extracting minerals is characterized by high labor intensity, capital and operating costs. As an alternative to this method of developing rich iron ore deposits, borehole mining can be used. The use of this method eliminates the process of explosive preparation of minerals for transportation. At the same time, there is no dust or gas contamination in the mine and surrounding atmosphere. This eliminates hard work that is harmful to people’s health. The experimental studies carried out made it possible to establish that borehole mining is promising in the process of developing ore deposits below average strength. It can be used for unmanned excavation of vertical isolated mine workings, creation of isolated quasi-cylindrical and combined chambers for various purposes. Based on experimental studies, mathematical expressions were obtained for calculating the rational parameters of borehole disintegration of martite ore mass by rotating water jets. The relationships between structural and morphological characteristics, fracturing of martite ores and parameters of hydraulic mining influence have been established. It has been established that the use of borehole mining ensures selective disclosure of ore-forming minerals. In this case, the quality of the ore improves and the mass fraction of silica decreases, which ensures the production of iron ore raw materials of the highest quality – master concentrates. Moreover, this technology is a combined ore preparation process, including enrichment grinding operations and classification of destruction products by particle size distribution during their laundering. Control of the granulometric composition of hydrodisintegration products is achieved by regulating the initial water pressure at the outlet of the jet nozzle, the speed of movement of the jet along the face exposure and the orientation of the jet relative to the elements of occurrence and texture of the ores.

Keywords: rich iron ores, martite ores, borehole mining, axial pressure, rotating water jet, hydraulic mining, beneficiation

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