Yu. Pazynich1
The paper substantiates the need of implementation of energy saving policy in Ukraine on the state level.
Energy saving is aimed at reasoned use of fuel and gas resources and includes a complex of measures for the structure of energy sources consumption, implementation of modern energy saving technology, deeper extraction of useful components, use of secondary resources, energy consumption control, and development of nontraditional and renewable energy system.
Energy sector is one of major factors of society development determining the development of civilization from one hand, and causing environment pollution resulting in climate change from the other hand. Mankind should provide its existence with the energy produced, and this affects the development of economy and civilization directly, and simultaneously maintain the liveable environment for future generations. Ensuring reliable energy supply is one of the most important conditions of sustainable development and stable functioning of world economies.
Unfortunately, on the Post-soviet territories the practical implementation of approaches to energy saving face significant difficulties under the conditions of practical experience of real democracy. Whereas, the most successful methods of energy efficiency increase are developed by national economies of democratic states in Northern Europe. In the developed countries, where the authorities make the minimum intervention into enterprises activity, the economically sound system for management of energy efficiency increase is developed. Energy audit and energy management are the tools of its implementation. This enables permanent analysis of state of FER supply, critical assessment of energy efficiency of the main and additional techniques, determination of reserves of energy saving, and suggestion of complex energy saving measures of efficient use of FER.
According to the regulatory documents of EU, e. g. The Energy Chart Treaty in the developed countries the fiscal and financial incentives are stipulated by the laws for implementation of energy efficient technology in the market, motivation of such an innovative approaches to funding energy efficiency increase as funding by the third party, maintaining and motivation of cogeneration, as well as measures of efficiency increase for central heating systems.
The realization by the governments of different countries the significance of energy sector for the development of economy and society resulted in the concept of "energy safety" elaboration. As for now, the energy saving has become the highest priority for the energy strategy of the developed countries. In most developed countries there exist national programs of energy saving as targeted on reasoned use of FER and include complex of measures for improvement of the structure of energy resources consumption, implementation of modern energy saving technology, deeper extraction of useful components, use of secondary resources, energy consumption control etc. The countries also launch the programs of development of nontraditional and renewable energy.
Keywords: energy saving policy, energy safety