O. Dmytruk1 & O. Vladyko1
The goal is to identify biogas production methods as an alternative source of energy.
To achieve this goal, analysis based on statistical methods was used and foreign experience of biogas production was analyzed; processing and summarizing of literature and patent sources on biogas production; the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific and technical works on the issues of biogas production and its utilization is carried out. Particular attention has been paid to the analysis of anaerobic digestion reactions for the production of biogas, which is widely used abroad and allows to increase the energy efficiency of ethanol production.
Biogas production was analyzed as an alternative energy source for use not only in agriculture but also in other industries. To use a biogas plant for wider industrial use, which will reduce the emissions of biomass decay products into the atmosphere of the earth was proposed. It has been proven that methane gas, as a product of fauna, is detrimental to the environment. Another important reason for the increased use of biogas plants is the rapid conversion of livestock waste into highly efficient organic fertilizers. Which can be used immediately as a fertilizer in agriculture. At the same time, the efficiency of these fertilizers is much higher (50-100 times) compared to silicate fertilizers, and the hazard class of their use is reduced and the time for natural biomass decomposition is reduced by several times. From the known information, the fermentation rate is quite high and after 12-20 days the biomass in the bioreactor is fully fermented and can be used as an organic fertilizer. Using such bioreactors, it is possible to capture all the resulting biogas that can be used for various purposes after appropriate purification. One of which is to obtain thermal energy after its direct combustion in boilers or to convert it to electrical energy during combustion in cogeneration units. It has been identified that the biogas plant is a decisive factor in reducing the cost of agricultural production and using such technology solves two problems at once: the disposal of organic wastes that have a harmful impact on the environment and the economical use of non-renewable energy sources, such as natural gas, etc.
Keywords: biogas, biogas plant, alternative energy